The main means of increasing capacity and efficiency of marine diesel power plant is turbocharged. Submission of the additional amount of air cylinders and, correspondingly, increase supply Fuel duty cycle, resulting in an increase in power a diesel power plant. Pressure diesel exhaust is 1.5-2 times higher than that of a gasoline engine that allows you to turbocharger provide boost and avoid inherent in gasoline engines with turbo failure – 'turboyamy'. In many diesel engines installed cooler nadduvaemogo air. These structural measures help to raise mass filling the cylinders and much, sometimes several times, to increase capacity.
Turbocharging improves combustion and reduces the hardness of work and loss of power. However, a diesel power plant with turbo has some disadvantages, mainly related to the reliability of the turbocharger. Resource turbo diesel engine is much smaller resource and usually does not exceed fifteen thousand hours. The turbine has high requirements for the quality of lubricating oil. Faulty turbine can totally disable the engine.
And his own life forced the engine slightly lower than the same air of diesel. The fuel system equipment Common-Rail – a modern solution to engine building. In each section a diesel engine high pressure pump pumps the fuel into the "separate" fuel line (going to a particular nozzle). The tubes are thick enough. In this case, when the high pressure 130-270 kg / cm on it "is run" portion of the fuel TTVD swells like boa, swallow prey. And once it goes into the fuel injector TTVD again compressed. This leads to the fact that after a specified portion fuel injector to necessarily "pumped" a tiny extra dose. This fuel, burning, increases fuel consumption, increases the opacity of the motor. Themselves as separate pipeline pulsation increased noise of the engine. C increasing the speed of rotation (rpm) modern automotive diesel engines (up to 4000-5000 r / min, (including marine diesel power plants) it has to deliver tangible inconvenience. A number of firms over time Engineers have found a solution to this problem for high-speed diesel engines. According to this scheme, fuel pump delivers fuel to the total pipeline – fuel rail, a kind of receiver. This middle tier is placed a constant volume of fuel which is under constant pressure – 1,300 bar. Nozzle opening is no longer fluid mechanics method (increase of pressure in the pipeline), and electronic – from a signal supplied to the solenoid injector. At its based computer assigns the right to operate the motor fuel and the time of its filing. Thus, the "snake" is not frantically pushes through the esophagus, "food", and operates in strict accordance with decisions taken by its computer. For marine diesel power unit – ignition engine fuel compression – it is very important, as the pressure in the combustion chamber increases more smoothly, without a "breakthrough." Therefore, ship diesel works less noisy. But most importantly – a system of Common-Rail eliminates injection into the combustion chamber "dosylnoy" portion of the fuel. Such designs of fuel injectors for engines made possible only in our time, this contributes to the development of electronics.